I recently heard a speaker say that there is no reference to the church in the Old Testament, he said that the church was mystery that was not revealed to anyone in the Old Testament era.
It is a fallacy which is repeated from one generation of preachers to the next. It is the basis of Darbyism and Scofield dispensationalism that the church was first revealed to Paul and that the other apostles did not have the revelation. This led Bullinger and others to conclude that the Petrine (church in Peter's day) utterly failed and the Bride Church is Pauline. (stemming from Paul's revelation)
This is a basic assumption of the Parenthesis teaching of Darby, Scofield, La Haye and many others but it is a relative newcomer; earlier Bible commentators know nothing about this 'Pauline church'. The Parenthesis theory teaches that the Church on earth today is a temporary interruption to God's work with Israel. It will be 'removed' in the Rapture and Israel will take the stage again. It theory was often illustrated with the picture of the Jewish train having been shunted into a siding to make way for the Gentile express. When the Gentile express has gone through the Jewish train will be brought out of it siding and continue its journey.
The actual word 'Church' does not appear in the New Testament but then it doesn't appear in the New Tesatment either! The English word church comes from the Greek adjective 'kuriakos' which means 'belonging to the Lord' (1Cor 11:20; Rev 1:10). It was probably used to describe buildings which 'belonged to the Lord' and consequently became known as 'kirks' or 'churches'.
William Tyndale (1526) would not use the word 'church' expect for heathen temples, but King James wanted all the 'religious words' put back into his Bible so the KJV has the word 'church' appearing 117 times. It is used in the KJV to translate the Greek word 'ekklesia' which means a 'gathered' group, assembly, gathering, congregation would all have been better translations.
This is where is gets interesting... (I hope) the Greek Old Testament used the word 'ekklesia' 77 times. It was often used to translate the Hebrew word 'qahal' which means a gathering. This is the word used in“I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the [u]congregation[/u] will I praise thee.”
(Psa 22:22 KJVS) In the Greek NT this verse is quoted and uses the word 'ekklesia'which in the KJV we find in...“Saying, I will declare thy name unto my brethren, in the midst of the [u]church[/u] will I sing praise unto thee.” (Heb 2:12 KJVS)
There was an 'Old Testament Church'. The question is 'is it the same as the New Testament Church?'
;-)