COMMUNIST EXPLOITATION OF RELIGION
TESTIMONY OF REV. RICHARD WURMBRAND
HEARING Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act
and Other Internal Security Laws, of the Committee on the Judiciary, Washington, D.C.
UNITED STATES SENATE
EIGHTY-NINTH CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
Friday, May 6, 1966
The subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 10:20 a.m., in room 18, Old Senate Office Building, Senator Thomas J. Dodd presiding. Also present: Jay G. Sourwine, chief counsel; Benjamin Mandel, director of research; Frank W. Schroeder, chief investigator; and Robert C. McManus, investigations analyst.
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[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
I must say, before you do so, that we are grateful for your appearing here. I am familiar with the nature of your testimony -- I think I am -- to an extent. I feel that you are rendering a real service to the cause of the free world.
Go ahead, Mr. Sourwine.
[color=663333][b]Mr. Sourwine:
Pastor Richard Wurmbrand is a refugee from Rumania, a country which he had to leave because of the antireligious persecution. Fleeing from there, he has not the usual credentials, which have been taken from him at his arrest by the secret police of the Communists.
From April 1939, to January 1930, he was secretary of the church's mission to the Jews which had to retire from Rumania at the last date because of the war.
During the whole war he has been pastor of our mission in Rumania. Since our mission retired from Rumania in 1945, from that year to 1948 he has been a pastor of the Norwegian mission to the Jews.
In the same time he has worked also in the representation of the World Council of Churches for Rumania.
He was also a professor of the Old Testament in the Seminary of Bucharest.
From 1948 to 1956, he was in prison for religious motives.
Released in 1956, he was no more authorized by the Communist authorities to fulfill his duties. From 1956 to 1959 he preached and exercised his other pastoral functions illegally.
Rearrested for this in 1959, he was again in prison until July 1964, when he was released on the basis of a general amnesty.
Since 1964, he was pastor of the Evangelical Church in Orshova, a Rumanian town.
Continuing to be the object of persecution and being in great danger, our Scandinavian mission to the Jews succeeded to make him escape from three.
We recommend him as a most reliable person, a fine Christian who has published several books against atheism and communism and who has got a burning heart for Christ and for all people in need.
This is signed by Dr. Hedenquist, doctor of theology, mission director in Sweden for Svenska Israels missionen.
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
Mr. Sourwine, you may proceed. I have some questions which I might as well ask to begin with, rather than wait until later.
Pastor, how many languages do you speak?
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]A pen. "You can too well write. Perhaps we will keep somebody here of your family as hostage." The second time they called me again and they said: "Now you will leave the country, but be very cautious when you come out. You may preach Christ as much as you like. We know that you are a preacher, but don't touch us. Don't speak against Communists. If you will speak against communism, for $1,000 we can find a gangster who will liquidate you. We play with you with open cards. You come from prison You have met in prison men whom we have brought back from the West."
And that is the truth. I have been in prison with a Rumanian Orthodox priest, Vasile Leul, who has been kidnaped from Austria. I have seen his nail torn out and broken, and so [b]they reminded me of that. "You know how our prisons are and that you can come back in prison."
And the third thing which they said: [b]"We have also another possibility with you. We can destroy you morally outside. We will find story with a girl or a money story or something else and people will be stupid enough to believe it. We will destroy you if you touch us."
And under these conditions I was allowed to come out. And very sorrowfully in the West I found people in the West, even religious leaders, who told me the same thing: "Preach Christ as much as you like but don't touch Communists."
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd: [b]From 1956 to 1959 as I understand it,
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]When I came out from prison in 1956, I was licensed to preach - of course, nobody can preach in our country accept he has a license from the Government - and in the beginning I got a license, but which was withdrawn from me after the first week of preaching.
The motives are so comical you would say. In a sermon I said that Christians must keep hope, because of the wheel of history turns, and the wheel of life.
"You meant us, that communism will change, that communism will fall. Never will it fall." It has been reproached to me that in a sermon I have said Christians must practice patience, patience, and again patience. "Ah, you meant that the Americans will come and we must be patient until they come."
[b]Everything was misinterpreted, and so the license has been withdrawn from me. [b] In every village I had another name, and so I could preach.
I did not understand in earlier times why Jesus, when He wishes to have the last supper said: "Go in town and you will see a man with a pitcher and go after him and where he enters prepare the supper."
Why does he not give an address, a number, and a street? Now we know it [b]when we make secret prayer meetings. We never give the address. [b] We don't introduce ourselves to each other, and if somebody asks the name of the other one, we know that he is the informer of the secret police. And so we have developed a technique of secret church work and so I could work.
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]The Christians sustained me everywhere. I had no salary, I had no regular salary but the Christians everywhere sustained me. In Rumania the first question asked of a pastor or a priest of any denomination, is: Has he been in prison? If he has been in prison he is all right. All the Christians sustain him.
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]There were different cells. In solitary confinement I was the first 2 , nearly 3 years. It was in the most beautiful building of Bucharest in the building of the Secretariat of State for Internal Affairs. It is a building before which all foreigners stand and admire it. [b]And there beneath the earth 10 meters beneath the earth are the cells. There are no windows in the cells. Air enters through a tube. And there were a few desks with a mattress, with a straw mattress. You had but three steps for to walk. Never were we taken out from these cells except for interrogations when prisoners were beaten and tortured.
[b]For years I have never seen sun, moon, flowers, snow, stars, no man except the interrogator who beat, but I can say I have seen heaven open, I have seen Jesus Christ, I have seen the angles and we were very happy there.
But the treatment was very bad. The purpose was to make us mad. You didn't hear a noise. A whisper you didn't hear in this cell. The guard had felt shoes. For years, not to hear anything. In all these years of prison we never had a book, we never had a but of paper, we never had a newspaper, nothing to distract our mind except that from time to time tape recorders were put on the corridor.
[b] But at once we heard beautiful Rumanian music, [b]after 10 or 15 minutes at once you heard, "Ha, ha, ha don't beat," the torturing of a woman. This lasted for half an hour the torturing of a woman. And of 100 prisoners who had been in that cell, in that corridor, everybody recognized that it is his wife or that it is his girl. I myself thought also that it is my wife.
Never will a Westerner understand, if I would not have the mark on my body, which are my credentials.
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]A Westerner can't understand God is here and knows that I will not tell you the while truth because if I will tell you the while truth, you will faint and rush out of this room, not bearing to hear what things have happened. But I will tell you that in a prison they crucified a cat before ourselves.
They beat nails in the feet of the cat and the cat was hanging with the head down, and can you imagine how this cat screamed and the prisoners, mad, bead on the door, "Free the cat, free the cat, free the cat," and the Communists very polite, "Oh, surely we will free the cat, but give the statements which we ask from you and then the cat will be freed," and I have known men who have given statements against their wives, against their children, against their parents to free the cat.
They did it out of madness, and then the parents and the wives have been tortured like the cat. Such things have happened with us.
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand:
[color=663300][b]Senator Dodd:
[color=000066][b]Reverend Wurmbrand: [b]Everybody in prison was very badly treated. And I cannot be contradicted on this question, because I have been with physicians, I have much more broken bones than anybody,
[b]The Christian prisoners were tortured in a form which should mock their religion. I tell you again in the prison of Pitesti one scene I will describe you about torturing and mocking Christians, and believe me I would renounce to eternal life to paradise after which I long, if I tell you one word of exaggeration. God is here and knows that I do not say everything. It cannot be said. There are ladies here. There are other people hearing it.
One Sunday morning in the prison of Pitesti a[b] young Christian was already the fourth day, day and night, tied to the cross. Twice a day the cross was put on the floor and 100 other cell inmates by beating, by tortures, were obliged to fulfill their necessities upon his face and upon his body. Then the cross was erected again and the Communists swearing and mocking "Look your Christ, look your Christ, how beautiful he is, adore him, kneel before him, how fine he smells, your Christ."
And then the Sunday morning came and a Catholic priest, an acquaintance of mine, has been put to the belt, in the dirt of a cell with 100 prisoners, a plate with excrements, and one with urine was given to him and he was obliged to say the holy mass upon these elements, and he did it. And I asked him afterward, "Father, but how could you make this?"
He was half mad. He answered to me: "Brother, I have suffered more than Christ. Don't reproach to me what I have done." And the other prisoners beaten to take holy communion in this form, and the Communists around, "Look, your sacraments, look, your church, what a holy church you have, what fine is your church, what holy ordinance God has given you."
[b]I am very insignificant and a very little man. I have been in prison among the weak ones and the little ones, but I speak for a suffering country and for a suffering church and for the heroes and the saints of the 20th century; we have had such saints in our prison to which I did not dare to lift my eyes.
I am a Protestant, but we have had near us Catholic bishops and monks and nuns about whom we felt that the touching of their garments heals. We were not worthy to untie their shoelaces. Such men have been mocked and tortured in our country. And even if it would mean to go back to a Rumanian prison, to be kidnaped by the Communists and going back and tortured again, I cannot be quiet. I owe it to those who have suffered there.
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