Colin: I wanted to reply to your post earlier, but have been very busy and have not had a chance to do so. Having grown up in the shadow of the men and women who knew Parham well, I am very aware of what he taught. In fact, the official doctrinal statement of the Apostolic Faith Bible College in Baxter Springs has remained largely unchanged for many, many years.
Parham was brought up in Methodism. The Methodists taught an experience they called the second blessing. After reading first hand accounts of the Cain Ridge meetings in 1801, I am convinced that they experienced the Baptism of the Holy Spirit, but did not necessarily call it this. The early Methodists were a people who believed in and practiced great outward holiness as well.
When Parham experienced the Baptism of the Holy Spirit in 1901, he simply added it on as a third experience. So, the official bylaws of the movement read this.
"It is recognized that the true church of Jesus Christ consists of all believers who believe in the saving grace of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ and have accepted Him as their personal Savior. It is recognized and agreed that no organization or man has been granted authority by the Lord to exclude from or accept anyone into the Kingdom of heaven, as this is done by Jesus Christ only. It is further recognized and agreed that we as Christians are to love all members of the Body of Christ (Christians), and this love and fellowship derives from the unity instilled by the Holy Spirit. Although differences in doctrinal beliefs and interpretation should not influence our love for one another, adherence to similar doctrinal beliefs and modes of worship have bonded together those of the Apostolic Faith Movement as founded by Charles F. Parham in the early 1900's. The scripture teaches us to adhere to the truth and proper doctrine. The common doctrinal beliefs are essentially as follows.
Triune God; Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Creation and Formation.
Man is basically sinful and in need of salvation.
Salvation by grace upon repentance toward God and acceptance of Jesus Christ as one's personal savior which is the conception of Spiritual Life.
Sanctification of the spirit, soul, and body as a second definite work of grace by the Lord Jesus Christ.
Baptism of the Holy Spirit; evidenced by the speaking in other languages.
Water Baptism......" and the document goes on.
Many of the old publications of the movement can be found at the movement's website under the archives.
The people I grew up around were definitely Pentecostal, and definitely taught holiness. I understand much of where Krautfra is coming from when she posts, as it is very similar to the teaching I grew up under, and follows naturally one of the two sides of the split in Pentecostalism that occurred in the latter days of the Azusa Street work.
The Apostolic Faith Movement generally makes a distinction between Justification by faith and Sanctification. In the first is the forgiveness of past sins. In the second is the work of regeneration by which a person is "born again" and enters a state in which the power of sin over the life of the believer is broken as the sin nature is now dealt with. They teach that the sanctified life is the place from which holiness is derived. They then teach the third experience, the baptism of the Holy Spirit, with tongues as the Biblical first evidence.
The split came when a man named Durham began teaching a doctrine called the "finished work" doctrine that ran afoul of the traditional Apostolic Faith teaching. From Seymour and the people who continued to follow him come many of the Pentecostal Holiness type denominations and what we might call the "old time" pentecostals. From Durham came the Assemblies of God, Church of God, and similar works who did not hold to the three tiered experience.
Hope that history helps. There are still many Pentecostal movements that also hold to holiness teachings (even apart from the UPC which holds to a oneness view of God, but still practices a very strict outward holiness of dress and lifestyle). Holiness accompanying Pentecost is still taught in the Bible College in Baxter Springs. The Superintendent of the school and his wife are very precious people in the Lord. By the way, Parham ministered in Houston, TX and the UPC under Gossman traced their foundations back to Parham's work, even though Parham was decidedly Trinitarian while they became decidedly oneness. I think it is funny that they claim that Parham taught a oneness doctrine, as that was never the case at all.
On a personal note, I think many misunderstand the purpose of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit, and if you don't know what a tool is to be used for, you will inevitably use that tool incorrectly.
The gifts of the Spirit, tongues included, are not the purpose of the Baptism. They are the manifestations of the Spirit. They are what the Holy Spirit does outwardly through us to minister to others. But that is not the purpose of our being Baptized in the Holy Spirit, but rather the result of our being Baptized in the Holy Spirit.
Nor is Holiness the purpose of the Baptism. It is the fruit borne by a Spirit-filled and Spirit-led life. It too is the result of our being filled, not the purpose for which we were filled.
The purpose is that we might be filled with, infused with the Spirit of God so that we might operate in the power of God and fellowship with Him spirit to spirit. And you shall receive power to be witnessed, right? It is the power of God in and through us that causes us to be like Christ in this earth to the point of laying down our own lives so that others might gain life. The manifestations are simply a vehicle that God uses to accomplish this purpose, and holiness is the fruit that we bear as we become more and more like Christ as we find our life in His Spirit and not in ourselves.
Holiness is not a code of conduct or a standard of behavior. It is the fleshly manifestation of obedience to the Holy Spirit (understanding that the author of the Word of God leads us in total agreement with the Word of God and demands that we use the written word as the measure against which all subjective word and impression is gauged.) To attempt to be holy outside of the working of the Holy Spirit is to be attempting to please God by carnal ordinance and is the practice of legalism rather than the manifestation of grace. It is the grace of God that teaches us....
Hope that helps answer the initial question.