TMK,I agree that the verse does not say that evil is good and I also agree that bad things that happen to Christians can be a result of evil (the other can be chastening). Like persecution, suffering, martyrdom, Job's trials, the beheading of John the Baptist.
Evil is evil and a result of mans rebellion and fall in the garden, which I also agree that God is not the author of.
When people post questions I do ponder them and really want to answer not how I would, but, how would God answer the question or thought. I based my answer on several things as I thought about the question, There is none good but God, God is sovereign and nothing can happen nor can the devil afflict unless it is approved or allowed by God.
I have suffered through various trials in my own life, some because of my own doing and choices, and some for the name of Christ. When I as a Christian look back on the evil that happened, I see that God was able to bring good out of the evil. It does not mean the evil is good, but the fact God allowed it in my life, I see that as good, because God is good.
The Psalmist speaks of his own afflictions as a good thing stating before he was afflicted he went astray, but now has he kept Gods commandments. He even says that it was good he was afflicted that he would learn Gods statutes.
I realize that these examples are different than the ones you used and I agree with you, but at the end of the day, if we are His and we look to Him in faith good is the end result, if we are not His, then evil wins.
You said,
I am not sure why Christians feel compelled to say that just because God allows something then that means the thing allowed is good.
Whether what God allows in our lives as being good or bad really depends on us, not Him. In the verse that came to mind that I quoted earlier says ALL things work together for good. All things include evil things, suffering, persecution, death, murder, rape.... and I believe that they can be rendered good as we look to Him in faith.
I appreciate the question and thought and I am thankful because they challenge me to ponder, pray, and search the scriptures that I might grow thereby.